Question: What does expansion gap mean?
Answer: As the sun heats up, the rail heats up and expands. Gaps are kept at rail junctions to avoid any inconvenience for this expansion, this gap is called expansion gap.
Question: Why is the rail joint expansion gap kept? Why is "corning of wheel" given?
Answer: If the expansion gap is not kept or the gap is not given enough, then when the temperature is high, the two ends of the rail stick together tightly and full expansion is difficult. This causes excessive stress on the entire road. As a result, the line may bend to one side. Due to such a turn there is a possibility of train derailment.
Coning of wheels is provided to keep the train in the central position of the rail truck. It basically protects the rail from getting damaged.
Question: What does the weight of the rail mean? What is 90 pounds rail and 45 kg rail?
Answer: The weight of a piece of rail one meter long is the weight of the rail in kg. That is, if the weight of a piece of rail 1 meter long is 30 kg, then it is called a 30 kg rail.
If a piece of rail one yard long weighs 90 pounds, it is called a 90-pound rail. And if a piece of rail of one meter length weighs 45 kg, it is called a 45 kg rail.
Question: What is the weight of the rail dependent on?
Answer: The weight of the rail depends on the following factors-
1. The speed of the car is the speed at which the car moves over the truck at the maximum speed.
2. Gauge size
3. Vehicle technology quantity
4. Axle load
5. Surface density
6. Depth of ballast
7. Storage costs
Question: What is rail buckling?
Answer: The movement of the rail of a railway line from its original position is called buckling of the rail.
Question: Write the advantages of Flat footed Rail.
Answer: The advantages of Flat footed Rail are given below-
1. It does not require a rail chair.
2. It is cheaper than bull headed rail.
3. It spreads the load over more areas.
4. It reduces the fascinating.
5. It is durable and has low maintenance cost.
Question: What is a sleeper? What is its function and how many types of sleepers and what are they?
Answer: The cross supports used for strengthening the railway tracks are called sleepers.
Function of sleeper:
1. It provides strong support to the rail.
2. It stores the gauge size of the rail.
3. It maintains the alignment of the truck.
4. It spreads the load on the rail.
5. It provides stability to the permanent path.
Types of Sleepers: There are two types of sleepers based on location. namely-
1. Cross sleeper 2. Long sleeper
Again according to the material the sleeper is divided into the following categories.
1. Wooden slippers
2. Steels sleeper
3. Cast iron slippers
4. Concrete sleeper
Question: Write the requirement of sleeper in railways.
Answer: Requirement of slipper-
1. Providing permanent path stability.
2. To preserve the gauge of railways.
3. Protecting the surroundings of railway trucks.
4. Protecting elements of railway trucks.
5. Spreading the load on the rail over the ballast.
6. Providing strong support to railways.
Question: Write the advantages and disadvantages of wooden sleeper.
Answer:
Advantages of wooden sleeper-
1. It is cheap in price.
2. It takes very little time on fittings.
3. It is suitable for all types of ballast.
4. It can be made in any size.
5. It does not rust.
6. It is easy to open and install.
Disadvantages of wooden sleepers-
1. Its lifespan is very short.
2. It is damaged by insect attack.
3. It does not measure the gauge properly.
4. Expensive wood is hard to come by.
5. Its maintenance cost is high.
Question: Write the advantages and disadvantages of steel sleeper.
Answer: Advantages of steel sleeper:
1. It keeps gauges accurate.
2. Its lifespan is relatively long.
3. It is easily earned.
4. Its construction method is simple.
5. Its maintenance cost is low.
6. It is not attacked by insects.
Disadvantages of steel sleepers:
1. It is rusted.
2. It has high initial cost.
3. It is not easy to open and install.
4. It is not available in any size.
Question: What is the life span of the wooden sleeper of the railway?
Answer: The life span of wooden sleeper depends on the following factors-
1. weather conditions
2. Intensity and nature of traffic
3. Wood quality etc.
Question: Why are wooden slippers useless?
Answer: A wooden slipper can be useless for the following reasons-
1. In normal decomposition.
2. The edge of the slipper is torn.
3. Stress cracks on the rail.
4. Due to repeated nailing hitting.
Question: What is the reason for using wooden sleepers at points and crossings?
Answer: Wooden sleepers are used at points and crossings for the following reasons-
1. It can be made to any length.
2. It can be made by nailing anywhere.
3. Wooden sleepers are suitable for any type of ballast.
Question: What is face plate?
Answer: Face plates are used to connect two rails. Its cross-section shall correspond to the cross-section of the rail. Each rail requires two face plates on both sides to connect. The size of the face plate depends on the size and weight of the rail.
Question: What does rail connectivity mean?
Answer: It is not possible to increase the length of the rail due to various reasons. For that, during the construction of the railway, the road is constructed in a certain length by connecting the rails piece by piece. In this way, the work of joining rails piece by piece is called rail splicing. That is, the act of joining two rails together by means of different connecting materials is called rail splicing.
Question: What is ballast? What is basalt sieve?
Answer: Sleepers are placed under the rails during construction of permanent railways. The pieces of stone or brick used under and around the sleepers are called ballast.
During train movement, some parts of the ballast turn into powder and with it, ash and dust from the locomotives mix and close the gaps between the ballast and make the water impermeable. The sieve used to remove the mixed powder, ash etc. of ballast in such condition is known as ballast sieve.
Question: What is the function of ballast? What is the need or function of using ballast in railways?
Answer: The functions of ballast are:
1. Protecting road sub grade
2. Holding the sleeper between the sleepers
3. Position the sleeper correctly
Requirements for use of ballast are as follows:-
1. Retention of sleeper in train movement
2. Provision of Resilient Surface for Railways
3. Protecting sub grade
4. To prevent weeds from growing on railway tracks
5. Spreading the load on the sleeper over the structure.
Question: What are points and crossings? Write its purpose.
Answer: The parts of the railway where the train moves from one line to another are called points and crossings.
Objectives of Points and Crossings:
Points and crossings can be connected to straight and curved lines in various ways to take a train from one line to another or to run or cross a line to another line. Points and crossings are commonly used at exits. With the help of this, a branch line or side line can be crossed from the main line.